In Vitro and In Vivo Study of Pandanus conoideus Oil Extract in the Maturation of Mouse Peritoneal Macrophages

Abstract

Background: Pandanus conoideus (PC) is a traditional medicinal plant that has an interesting effect on inflammatory pathways, especially in the maturation of peritoneal macrophage (PM). PM involve in the pathogenesis of several types of human inflammatory diseases and abdominal cancers which can be targeted as a potential therapeutic strategy. We aim to explore the role of PC oil extract (PCOE) in the maturation of PM which may influence the effectiveness of inflammation. Method: This study is a true-experimental in vitro and in vivo laboratory study using CH3 mice. To explore the role of PCOE on PM maturation, experiments were carried out in vitro (detection of nitrite oxide levels, detection of IL-1β levels, analysis of PM phagocytosis and proliferation, as well as flow cytometry analysis of MHC I, MHC II, CD14, and CD68 expression) and in vivo (analysis of PM phagocytosis and flow cytometry analysis of CD14 and CD68 expression). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) then followed by Bonferroni Post Hoc test to compare the differences. Result: PCOE substantially enhanced NO and IL-1β production from mice PM in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.05), upregulates CD68 and CD14 expression on mice and promotes mouse PM phagocytic activity in vitro and in vivo (p<0.01). However, PCOE does not affect the proliferation and MHC I and MHC II expression of mouse PM. Conclusion: PCOE has a function in PM maturation by increasing the production of NO and IL-1β, enhancing the expression of CD14 and CD68, as well as promoting PM phagocytic activity.