Risk and Protective Factors for Cost-Related Nonadherence Among Middle East and North African (MENA ) Adults

Abstract

Objective: Cost-related nonadherence to health maintenance behaviors is common in the general population, yet we know little about these behaviors in Middle East and North African (MENA) Americans. We examined cost-related nonadherence (CRN) in the MENA community in SE Michigan to determine demographic predictors, and risk and protective factors.Design, Setting, and Participants: We used data from a cross-sectional convenience sample of MENA adults (N=398) conducted May-September 2019 to identify relevant demographic predictors, as well as the as­sociation between individual health, social, and clinical factors and the likelihood of reporting CRN.Methods and Measures: CRN was defined by whether respondents reported any of the following: that they took less medi­cine, skipped doses, or delayed getting a prescription filled. Other factors included patient/provider communication and racial concordance, mental health distress, food insecurity and insurance status. We used multivariable logistic regression models to determine association of these health and social factors with CRN.Results: Those with highest incomes were least likely to report CRN. Participants with private insurance and with no coverage were more likely to report CRN compared with those with Medicaid coverage. Risk factors for CRN included food insecurity and mental health distress, though strong patient/provider communication was pro­tective of CRN.Discussion: The risk factors for CRN in the MENA community align with risk factors in the general population. As provider commu­nication is protective of CRN, interventions focused on improving patient/provider com­munication may serve as a way to protect against financially motivated medication nonadherence. Ethn Dis. 2022;32(1):11-20; doi:10.18865/ed.32.1.11