Formulation and application technology.

Abstract

This paper discusses the concepts of nematode formulations and application technology, and evaluates the factors affecting nematode survival in formulations developed for storage, transport and application. Quality control, standardization, handling, and transport issues are briefly described. The practicality of applying nematodes using conventional pesticide, fertilizer and irrigation equipments, and the factors affecting nematode survival during application are discussed. Recent research developments on the use of adjuvants to enhance nematode retention and survival on the foliage is briefly reviewed. Identifying gaps in knowledge and on research needs to enhance nematode storage stability and post-application survival is emphasized.