AbstractThis chapter on lentil covers the following: factors determining seed quality (seed genetic purity, physical purity, germination, vigour and health), factors affecting seed quality (genetic factors, production environments, harvesting and mechanical damage), seed treatments (seed priming, Rhizobium inoculation, and chemical treatments), requirements for quality seed production, status of the seed industry in developed and developing countries, constraints to the seed industry (availability of quality seeds, mechanization problems, and high production costs), and alternatives for seed delivery (formal seed supply, farmer-based seed supply, non-commercial seed supply, and village-based seed enterprises). Key elements for the success of village-based seed enterprises are discussed.