The role of interleukin 1β and prostaglandin E2 in early pregnancy miscarriage associated with cytomegalovirus infection

Abstract

Aim. To investigate the levels of interleukin 1β (IL-1β) and prostaglandin (PG) E2 in peripheral blood and their prognostic significance in predicting pregnancy miscarriage in women with cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection exacerbation.Materials and methods. This case-control study included 98 women in the first trimester of pregnancy (710 weeks), of which 50 women with CMV infection exacerbation (main group) and 48 essentially healthy women (control group). CMV infection was diagnosed by the presence of class M and G antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), as well as CMV DNA detected by PCR. The levels of IL-1β and PG E2 in serum of peripheral blood were determined by ELISA using kits from Vector-Best (Novosibirsk, Russia) for IL-1β and Cloud-Clone Corp. (USA) for PG E2.Results. The study found that women in the main group had a significant increase in the level of IL-1β up to 284.20±20.25 pg/mL (p<0.001) compared with the control group (1.49±0.03 pg/mL). Similarly, the level of PG E2 was also higher than that of the control group, amounting to 929.62±38.0 pg/mL (p<0.001) and 1.29±0.08 pg/mL, respectively.Conclusion. The results of the study establish the prognostic role of IL-1β and PG E2 concentrations in the pathogenesis of pregnancy miscarriage in women with exacerbation of CMV infection in the early stages of gestation. High concentrations of IL-1β and PG E2 may indicate the development of pregnancy complications and be used as a nonspecific markerpredictor of the threat of miscarriage during CMV infection exacerbation.