Innovative approaches to risk management in nature and land use and their optimization

Abstract

Subject of research-theoretical and practical justification of risk managementfor climate change based on basin approach. The purpose of the article is to establish ecological equilibrium in the basins of small rivers of Ukraine through asystematic approach to the complex carrying out of nature-related works, agro-,chemo-, bio- and phyto-melioration in the small rivers basins. Methodology of work- system-structural and comparative analysis (for the definition of innovative approaches in environmental protection) as a landfill (in the determined cost of landfor optimizing land relations). Modeling and forecasting for risks reduction innature land use. The results of the work - degradation processes in the groundand water ecosystems of the basins of small rivers are considered. It is proposedto change the priorities in landscape studies by adopting the main taxonomic unitof any landscape of the small river basin instead of the abstract general principle“nature-territorial complex (PTC)”. A space-regulatory mechanism for the implementation of V.I. Vernadsky’s idea of Noosphere in the terrestrial ecosystems wasdeveloped. The sequence of ecologically-technogenic transformations of degradedsmall river basins in ecologically balanced ecosystems by means of restoration workswithout violating the basis of erosion and providing biocenosis of the self-healingmomentum has been determined. The system approach to the problem is to develop and adopt the laws of Ukraine on the restoration of small river basins, theircertification, land relations in the process of restorative works, and the increaseof natural biodiversity. Ways to overcome the risks of climate change are consistent implementation of the proposed programs. Conclusions-based on the resultsof the study, the lack of a scientifically grounded mechanism for overcomingdegradation processes in the basins of small rivers both in Ukraine and the international community and overcoming the risks to society for climate change in thepost-Holocene period was established. Proposed laws of Ukraine are proposed thatwill ensure the establishment of ecological balance in agro-and biogeocenosis forconducting relevant works in the basins of small rivers.