SN 2022jox: An Extraordinarily Ordinary Type II SN with Flash Spectroscopy

Author:

Andrews Jennifer E.ORCID,Pearson JeniveveORCID,Hosseinzadeh GriffinORCID,Bostroem K. AzaleeORCID,Dong 董 Yize 一泽ORCID,Shrestha ManishaORCID,Jencson Jacob E.ORCID,Sand David J.ORCID,Valenti S.ORCID,Hoang EmilyORCID,Janzen DarylORCID,Lundquist M. J.ORCID,Meza NicolásORCID,Wyatt SamuelORCID,Jha Saurabh W.ORCID,Simpson ChrisORCID,Farah JosephORCID,Padilla Gonzalez EstefaniaORCID,Howell D. AndrewORCID,McCully CurtisORCID,Newsome MeganORCID,Pellegrino CraigORCID,Terreran GiacomoORCID

Abstract

Abstract We present high-cadence optical and ultraviolet (UV) observations of the Type II supernova (SN), SN 2022jox which exhibits early spectroscopic high-ionization flash features of H i, He ii, C iv, and N iv that disappear within the first few days after explosion. SN 2022jox was discovered by the Distance Less Than 40 Mpc survey ∼0.75 day after explosion with follow-up spectra and UV photometry obtained within minutes of discovery. The SN reached a peak brightness of M V ∼ −17.3 mag, and has an estimated 56Ni mass of 0.04 M , typical values for normal Type II SNe. The modeling of the early light curve and the strong flash signatures present in the optical spectra indicate interaction with circumstellar material (CSM) created from a progenitor with a mass-loss rate of M ̇ 10 3 10 2 M y r 1 . There may also be some indication of late-time CSM interaction in the form of an emission line blueward of Hα seen in spectra around 200 days. The mass-loss rate of SN 2022jox is much higher than the values typically associated with quiescent mass loss from red supergiants, the known progenitors of Type II SNe, but is comparable to inferred values from similar core-collapse SNe with flash features, suggesting an eruptive event or a superwind in the progenitor in the months or years before explosion.

Funder

National Science Foundation

Heising-Simons Foundation

Publisher

American Astronomical Society

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