Synoptic characteristics of the spatial variability of spring dust storms over Saudi Arabia
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Published:2023-03-29
Issue:
Volume:37
Page:401-424
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ISSN:0187-6236
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Container-title:Atmósfera
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language:
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Short-container-title:Atm.
Author:
Al-Abbasi Khaled A., ,Labban Abdulhaleem H.,Awad Adel M., ,
Abstract
Statistical and synoptic studies of spring dust storms over the Arabian Peninsula (AP) were performed using surface observations from 27 surface stations and meteorological data from the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data set for the period 1978-2008. The study showed that, spatially, the northern and eastern AP are the regions most affected by dust storms and that, temporally, the study period can be divided into two subperiods: before and after 1995, with a pronounced increase before 1995 and a smooth increase (decrease) after 1995 with respect to dust (dust storms) types. The synoptic study reveals three main atmospheric systems: frontal systems over the northern region, Red Sea Trough ()-related systems over the western region, and thermal low systems over the eastern region. Additionally, the synoptic study shows that all the atmospheric systems are associated with a favorable pressure (geopotential) gradient area and that the shape and strength of the maximum wind and upper-layer atmospheric regimes are suitable for completely integrating the atmospheric layers. Moreover, the southern thermal low is a common synoptic component of dust-related atmospheric systems, but its effect is particularly pronounced in the atmospheric system of the eastern region.
Publisher
Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico
Subject
Atmospheric Science