Solar PV technologies selection for the design of photovoltaic installations in Mexico based on the analysis of meteorological satellite data from the region

Abstract

Mexico’s expansive territory spans diverse climatic conditions, which directly influences the selection of commercial photovoltaic technologies. This study utilizes solar irradiance, temperature, and cloud index data (derived from satellite sources) to generate a suitability map for commercial solar panel technologies through the Analytical Hierarchy Process-Geographical Information Systems methodology. The map illustrates that chalcopyrites and cadmium telluride emerge as the most suitable technologies in 47.12% of the national territory. Following closely behind is amorphous silicon, covering 30.45%, while monocrystalline and polycrystalline silicon account for 22.43%. The primary objective of this paper is to guide the proper selection of solar panel technology types that align optimally with Mexico’s climatic conditions. This strategic approach aims to strengthen the planning and viability of photovoltaic solar energy projects nationwide.