Reference standards-copies of mass unit: calibration 2020 using vacuum comparator CCL 1007

Abstract

The article discusses the calibration results of reference standards-copies according to the State Primary Standard of the Mass Unit using the new CCL 1007 vacuum comparator and buoyancy artifacts. The authors provided historical data on the calibrations of copies of the International Prototype of the Kilogram (IPK) starting from 1892, including the Russian prototype № 12. The instability of the prototype of the kilogram No. 12 corresponds to international values and is assessed at 5 · 10–11 kg per year. Changes in the mass of copies are assessed in relation to the mass of the IPK, but it is impossible to determine to what extent it has changed. This was the reason for the adoption of a new value of the kilogram. Following the adoption at the 26th meeting of the General Conference on Weights and Measures (CGPM) held in Paris in November 2018, Planck constant was numerically established with absolute accuracy, and total uncer tainty of 1 · 10–8 kg was assigned to the mass of the IPK. Thus, the authors set the aim to preserve the numerical value of the total uncertainty of the reference standards-copies by reducing the transfer error of the State Primary Standard by 10 times. The article presents the calibration results of six reference standards-copies in relation to prototype No. 12 with the primary data processing using the method of least squares, and the uncertainty budget is provided. The calibration results of the reference standards-copies confirmed the accuracy increase of the transfer unit by 10 times in the range from 6 · 10–9 kg to 6 · 10–10 kg by the use of a vacuum comparator graduated 0.1 μg and buoyancy and sorption artifacts in direct measurements of air density. This has made it possible to compensate for the additional uncertainty attributed to the IPK based on the determination of the Planck constant value and to ensure the mass calibration of all accuracy grades preserving the entire hierarchical system of transferring the mass unit in the country.