Diffusion Depth and Efficacy of Different Infiltration Times for Rose Bengal/Green Light Corneal Cross-linking in Rabbit Eyes

Abstract

Purpose: To explore the diffusion depth and green light corneal cross-linking efficacy of different rose bengal (Rb) infiltration times in rabbit eyes. Methods: Twenty-eight fresh rabbit eyes were deepithelialized and infiltrated in 0.1% Rb solution for 2 to 30 minutes. Corneal frozen sections were cut and Rb diffusion depth was observed under the confocal microscope. A further 36 rabbits were randomly divided into eight groups according to the type of treatment (control, Rb infiltration only without irradiation, rose bengal/green light [RGX] for different infiltration times, or riboflavin/ultraviolet radiation [UVX]). The corneas' resistance to keratolysis and biomechanical properties were measured after treatment. Results: After 2, 10, 20, and 30 minutes of infiltration, Rb penetration depths in the corneal stroma were 100, 150, 200, and 270 µm, respectively. The times for complete digestion of the RGX 10 minutes (14.0 ± 1.4 hours), RGX 20 minutes (18.8 ± 1.1 hours), and UVX (51.2 ± 7.2 hours) groups were statistically greater than that of the control group (7.2 ± 1.1 hours). At 10% extension, the Young's modulus of the RGX 20 minutes (36.59 ± 4.90 MPa) and UVX (40.89 ± 2.57 MPa) groups was statistically greater than that of the control group (21.76 ± 5.69 MPa). Conclusions: The diffusion depth of Rb in corneal stroma increased by prolonging the infiltration time. The longer the infiltration time, the better the RGX effect. RGX for 20 minutes showed the best cross-linking efficacy among all RGX groups, albeit not as good as UVX. [ J Refract Surg . 2023;39(9):620–626.]