The Effect of the Length of Observation on Test of Playfulness Scores

Abstract

The Test of Playfulness (ToP) is a unique observational rating scale assessment used to systematically observe and quantify a child's approach to activities (also called playfulness). This study investigated the effect of the length of observation on ToP scores. Twenty typically developing preschool-aged children were videotaped during two 30-minute sessions that were separated by 2 to 3 weeks. Three trained raters then scored the first 15 minutes, the last 15 minutes, and the entire 30 minutes of each recording. The mean scores for each observation length were significantly different ( p < .05), but the longer observation did not provide additional unique information. Further, the test—retest reliability of the 30 minute scores (intraclass correlation = .03, p = .44) was less than that of either the first or last 15 minute scores (intraclass correlation = .67, p < .01; intraclass correlation = .41, p = .03, respectively). These findings are discussed in light of the existing literature and recommendations are made for use of the ToP in practice and research.