Cardale hard red spring wheat

Abstract

Fox, S. L., Humphreys, D. G., Brown, P. D., McCallum, B. D., Fetch, T. G., Menzies, J. G., Gilbert, J. A., Fernandez, M. R., Despins, T. and Niziol, D. 2013. Cardale hard red spring wheat. Can. J. Plant Sci. 93: 307–313. Cardale is a hard red spring wheat that meets the end-use quality specifications of the Canada Western Red Spring (CWRS) class. Cardale is a semi-dwarf statured wheat with moderate resistance to Fusarium head blight (FHB). Cardale is derived from the cross McKenzie/Alsen. Cardale was found to be adapted to the eastern wheat growing regions of the Canadian prairies as represented in the Central Bread Wheat Cooperative (CBWC) Registration Test in 2008, 2009 and 2010. In comparison with the check cultivars, Cardale was significantly lower yielding than Unity VB, but overall similar to McKenzie and 5603HR. Cardale matured at the same time as 5603HR, but significantly later (1.5–2.5 d) than the other check cultivars. The plant stature of Cardale was significantly shorter (7–13 cm) than all of the checks, and Cardale had significantly lower lodging scores (0.5–0.7 units) than all of the checks except for CDC Teal. The test weight of Cardale was significantly lower (0.4–0.8 kg hL−1) than that of McKenzie and Unity VB but similar to the other three checks. Cardale expressed resistance to leaf rust and stem rust and moderate resistance to FHB. Disease reactions for common bunt and loose smut were variable but suggested susceptibility and intermediate resistance, respectively. Cardale had preharvest sprouting resistance similar to the best checks McKenzie, Unity VB and 5603HR and significantly better than the poor check CDC Teal in three different determinations. The end-use suitability attributes of Cardale were within the range of the checks except for slightly higher water absorption due to slightly harder kernels (lower particle size index) that led to slightly higher starch damage which occurs during milling.