Implication and Chemical Composition of Ancient Green Glass from Hong Nang Sida Temple in Champasak, Lao PDR

Abstract

In southern part of Laos, once prospered under the Khmer Empire in the past, lots of ancient cultural heritage including Hong Nang Sida temple is still preserved. In this study, the chemical compositions, chromaticity and occurrences for five ancient green glasses excavated from Hong Nang Sida temple by Korea Heritage Agency were analyzed, and their implication was examined. As a result, all glasses showed some differences in hue, size, weight and shape, however, the compositions of flux, stabilizer and colorant revealed large differences. These have been identified as potash, soda and lead glass based on their composition. Considering the diversity of composition, it is interpreted that the production location and period of each glass was different. Meanwhile, if it estimates the inflow route reflecting the characteristics of glass, may be possible to infer regional or international exchanges in Laos at the time. This will be important data for understanding not only the ancient glass of Laos but also the glass artifacts technology and trade of Southeast Asian countries in the Khmer Empire cultural sphere.