Scrub typhus and lateral rectus palsy: an uncommon presentation of a common illness

Abstract

Scrub typhus is a zoonosis, which usually manifests as an acute febrile illness. It is caused by a rickettsia, Orientia tsutsugamushi, which is endemic in the Asian region. It can present with varied clinical manifestations, ranging from acute febrile illness to life-threatening multiorgan dysfunction syndrome. Central nervous system involvement in the form of altered sensorium and/or meningitis is frequently observed in scrub typhus. However, isolated cranial nerve involvement is uncommon and so far only a few such cases have been reported in the literature. We present a rare case of scrub typhus with fever and diplopia at presentation, which completely improved with doxycycline-based treatment.