Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour of thyroid: a diagnostic dilemma

Abstract

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumours of thyroid are rare entities that can present a diagnostic dilemma. We present the case of a patient who presented with neck mass with a history of multiple neck surgeries and airway compression. The patient’s previous histopathology was mistaken for Riedel’s thyroiditis in an outside hospital, which delayed appropriate treatment leading to suffering on part of the patient and frustration on part of the physician. We emphasise that rare malignancies should be considered in rapidly growing neck masses that are causing airway compression, and histopathology of such tumours should be reported by expert pathologists.