Author:
Bhat Tariq A,Kalathil Suresh G,Goniewicz Maciej L,Hutson Alan,Thanavala Yasmin
Abstract
RationaleVaping has become a popular method of inhaling various psychoactive substances. While evaluating respiratory effects of vaping have primarily focused on nicotine-containing products, cannabidiol (CBD)-vaping is increasingly becoming popular. It currently remains unknown whether the health effects of vaping nicotine and cannabinoids are similar.ObjectivesThis study compares side by side the pulmonary effects of acute inhalation of vaporised CBD versus nicotine.MethodsIn vivo inhalation study in mice and in vitro cytotoxicity experiments with human cells were performed to assess the pulmonary damage-inducing effects of CBD or nicotine aerosols emitted from vaping devices.Measurements and main resultsPulmonary inflammation in mice was scored by histology, flow cytometry, and quantifying levels of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Lung damage was assessed by histology, measurement of myeloperoxidase activity and neutrophil elastase levels in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and lung tissue. Lung epithelial/endothelial integrity was assessed by quantifying BAL protein levels, albumin leak and pulmonary FITC-dextran leak. Oxidative stress was determined by measuring the antioxidant potential in the BAL and lungs. The cytotoxic effects of CBD and nicotine aerosols on human neutrophils and human small airway epithelial cells were evaluated using in vitro air–liquid interface system. Inhalation of CBD aerosol resulted in greater inflammatory changes, more severe lung damage and higher oxidative stress compared with nicotine. CBD aerosol also showed higher toxicity to human cells compared with nicotine.ConclusionsVaping of CBD induces a potent inflammatory response and leads to more pathological changes associated with lung injury than vaping of nicotine.
Funder
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute
National Cancer Institute
U.S. Food and Drug Administration
Subject
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Reference76 articles.
1. US Department of Health and . E-cigarette use among youth and young adults: a report of the surgeon general [PDF–8.47 MB]PDF icon. Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC, 2016.
2. Smoking, vaping, eating: is legalization impacting the way people use cannabis?;Borodovsky;Int J Drug Policy,2016
3. “ Tree-in-bloom ”: severe acute lung injury induced by vaping cannabis oil;He;Ann Am Thorac Soc,2017
4. Emerging Trends in Cannabis Administration Among Adolescent Cannabis Users
5. Kriegel D . Vaping marijuana vs. smoking: is there a winner? 2021. Available: https://vaping360.com/learn/vaping-vs-smoking-weed/ [Accessed 15 Sep 2021].
Cited by
9 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献