Non-typhoidalSalmonella enteritidisprosthetic valve endocarditis

Abstract

In this case, we present a rare cause of prosthetic valve endocarditis. A man in his 80s presented to the emergency department with fever and diarrhoea. The patient underwent a transcatheter aortic valve replacement 17 years earlier. A negative PCR result in faeces forSalmonellaand positive blood cultures withSalmonellagave rise to the suspicion of an intravascularSalmonellainfection, which was confirmed with a positron emission tomography. Due to the low prevalence ofSalmonellaendocarditis, there is no consensus on the most effective treatment. Guidelines recommend early surgery and long-term antimicrobial treatment in endocarditis with Gram-negative bacteria. In this case, surgery was not deemed feasible given the patient his advanced age and multiple comorbidities. Despite treatment with intravenous antibiotics, the patient succumbed to progression of endocarditis 37 days after admission.