Linezolid-induced lactic acidosis

Abstract

Linezolid is a commonly prescribed antibiotic in clinical practice. Although thrombocytopenia and peripheral neuropathy are frequently encountered following prolonged administration of linezolid, lactic acidosis is a rare adverse drug reaction. We present the case of a patient on linezolid for disseminated multidrug-resistant tuberculosis who presented with vomiting, dyspnoea, hypotension and high anion gap metabolic acidosis. The initial presentation mimicked sepsis syndrome. Ketoacidosis and renal dysfunction were ruled out. There was no history of ingestion of toxins/toxic alcohols. Sepsis was unlikely because extensive radiological and microbiological testing could not identify an infection. Given the possibility of linezolid-induced lactic acidosis (LILA), linezolid was discontinued on admission. The patient’s lactic acidosis resolved, and his overall condition improved. A retrospective diagnosis of LILA was thus established. LILA should be considered when patients on linezolid present with lactic acidosis and other causes for the lactic acidosis have been ruled out.