Invasive group A streptococcal disease

Abstract

We report on two children who had presented in a poor clinical state after an initial bout of cough, sore throat and fever for a few days. Both of them had multisystemic involvement with fluid-refractory septic shock requiring ionotropic support, intubation and care in the paediatric intensive care unit. Recent significant rise in scarlet fever has led to a significant increase in the number of invasive group A streptococcal infections with increased mortality in paediatric patients. Both of them had co-infection with influenza, which could have led to an increased risk of invasive group A streptococcal (iGAS) infection. After prompt treatment, including early initiation of antibiotics, they both recovered well. To our knowledge, there are no reported cases of iGAS infection from the UK in any medical journal though the fatal cases have been reported to the health statistics department by various National Health Service trusts individually.