Case of non-typhoidalSalmonellaspp mycotic popliteal artery aneurysm with concurrent deep vein thrombosis

Abstract

Mycotic aneurysms are a well-recognised complication of non-typhoidalSalmonellabacteraemia; the risk is increased in patients with atherosclerotic disease. The infrarenal abdominal aorta is the most common site of infection; lower extremity aneurysms are uncommon.1Here we present the case of a patient with cardiovascular disease and recurrent non-typhoidalSalmonellabacteraemia, who developed a left-sided popliteal artery mycotic aneurysm with secondary popliteal vein thrombosis. The aneurysm was diagnosed upon rupture, and managed with surgical excision and bypass graft. He went on to have a complete recovery.This case illustrates the importance of clinician awareness of popliteal artery endovascular infection as a rare but significant complication of non-typhoidalSalmonellabacteraemia, which should be considered in cases with cardiovascular risk factors, recurrent or persistent bacteraemia, and lower limb deep vein thrombosis.