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2. It might be thought that the increased metabolisni, which prevents atrophy in denervated muscles, is due mainly or entirely to the ionic (cataphoretic or electro osmotic) or thermal effects of the current, but methods such as heat, diathermy, short waves and uninterrupted galvanic current have so far proved definitely inferior to interrupted galvanic current in preventing atrophy of denervated muscles. Moreover, the experiments described here show that interrupted galvanic current failed to prevent atrophy if it produced only feeble contractions, while vigorous contractions produced by daily galvanic exercise go far towards replacing the reflex and voluntary impulses which normally maintain the action of the muscle and its normal metabolic;Med. J. Austr.,;Eccles,1941
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5. Gutmann, E. (1942). J. Neurol. Psychiat., 4, 81.