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5. The Medical School, Bristol) Many compounds which possess anti-inflammatory or antirheumatic properties inhibit the production of hexosamine-containing polymers, e.g. mucopolysaccharides and gastrointestinal tract mucins. The key regulatory enzyme of the hexosamine biosyathetic pathway is glucosamine 6-phosphate synthetase which catalyses the amination of fructose 6-phosphate and thus deflects substrates from glycolytic consumption and into polymer production. The synthetase is subject to feedback inhibition by UDP-N-acetylglucosamine and this is modulated by glucose 6-phosphate, AMP, and UTP (Winterburn and Phelps, 1971 b). In the present studies the action of a wide variety of anti-inflammatory and antirheumatic agents on a semipurified synthetase preparation from rat liver (Winterburn and Phelps, 1971a) was investigated to ascertain the effects on the catalytic reaction and whether there was any interference with the natural control mechanisms;College, Cardiff; of Biochemistry, Department