Abstract
ObjectiveTo systematically appraise and summarise meta-analyses investigating the effect of exercise compared with a control condition on health outcomes in cancer survivors.DesignUmbrella review of intervention systematic reviews.Data sourcesWeb of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, CINAHL and MEDLINE databases were searched using a predefined search strategy.Eligibility criteriaEligible meta-analyses compared health outcomes between cancer survivors participating in an exercise intervention and a control condition. Health outcomes were cardiovascular fitness, muscle strength, health-related quality of life, cancer-related fatigue and depression. Pooled effect estimates from each meta-analysis were quantified using standardised mean differences and considered trivial (<0.20), small (0.20–0.49), moderate (0.50–0.79) and large (≥0.80). Findings were summarised using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system.ResultsThere were 65 eligible articles that reported a total of 140 independent meta-analyses. 139/140 meta-analyses suggested a beneficial effect of exercise. The beneficial effect was statistically significant in 104 (75%) meta-analyses. Most effect sizes were moderate for cardiovascular fitness and muscle strength and small for cancer-related fatigue, health-related quality of life and depression. The quality of evidence was variable according to the GRADE scale, with most studies rated low or moderate quality. Median incidence of exercise-related adverse events was 3.5%.ConclusionExercise likely has an important role in helping to manage physical function, mental health, general well-being and quality of life in people undergoing and recovering from cancer and side effects of treatment.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42015020194.
Subject
Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine,General Medicine
Cited by
108 articles.
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