1. According to this hypothesis, advanced by Joachimsthal': 5 in 1900, TPT may be considered a form of polydactyly in which an absent thumb is replaced by an extra first digit. The resultant 'thumb' resembles a little finger (fifth digit) both clinically and radiographically (fig 2). Nor is it functionally equivalent to a normal thumb, as it lacks the specialised musculature of the thenar instances more than one triphalangeal digit occurs in eminence and is non-opposable. (Normal opposition the position of the absent thumb.'7 A small percenand a nearly normal appearance of the hand can be tage of cases of TPT might be explained by the achieved by pollicisation procedures
2. The thumb in the congenital malformation syndromes;Poznanski, A.K.; Garn, S.M.; Holt, J.F.;Pediatr Radiol,1971
3. The hand in radiologic diagnosis with gamuts and profile patterns;Poznanski, A.K.,1984
4. Hyperphalangism. In: Congenital deformities of the hand and forearm;Kelikian, H.,1974
5. Hereditary triphalangeal thumb;Swanson, A.B.; Brown, K.S.;J Hered,1962