The dual microcatheter technique for transvenous embolization of dural arteriovenous fistulae

Abstract

BackgroundDural arteriovenous fistulae (dAVFs) comprise 10–15% of all intracranial arteriovenous malformations. The goal of surgical or endovascular intervention is complete obliteration of the fistulous connection(s). In cases where dAVF venous drainage is separate from normal cortical drainage, transvenous embolization can provide fast and effective fistula obliteration.ObjectiveTo describe a new method of efficient transvenous embolization (the ‘dual microcatheter technique’) for the treatment of dAVFs.MethodsThree patients with dAVFs were treated using the dual microcatheter technique for transvenous embolization. Two microcatheters were placed in the distal aspect of the dAVF venous pouch, after which coil embolization reduced fistula flow, and liquid embolic agent injection with reflux into arterial feeders completed the obliteration of the fistula.ResultsLesion grade ranged from Borden–Shucart grades 2 through 3. In all cases, dAVF venous drainage was isolated from the normal cerebral venous drainage. Dual microcatheter transvenous embolization was successful in all patients, with non-target embolization and no new postoperative deficits. At the last follow-up, all three patients were symptom-free without evidence of radiographic recurrence.ConclusionsThe dual microcatheter technique of transvenous dAVF embolization is safe and feasible in cases where dAVF venous outflow is isolated from normal cerebral venous drainage.