Augmented 3D venous navigation for neuroendovascular procedures

Abstract

BackgroundEndovascular venous access is increasingly used for the treatment of many cerebrovascular diseases. The quality of venous roadmapping through arterial injection can be problematic because of contrast media dilution, slow flow velocity, and unilateral opacification of the venous system.ObjectiveTo describe our experience with the VesselNavigator (Philips Healthcare, Best, The Netherlands) in performing live 3D roadmapping for intracranial venous procedures.Material and methodsLive 3D roadmapping is an image-processing technique that allows dynamic roadmapping of vessels with immediate adaptation to the C-arm movements without the need for contrast injection. For this purpose, 3D MR venography is overlaid on live fluoroscopy images after semiautomatic coregistration. The technique was applied to cases of idiopathic venous stenosis and arteriovenous fistula.ResultsThe process of coregistration was performed by the principal operator in <5 min, just before the treatment. The accuracy was controlled peroperatively and was judged satisfactory. Three illustrative cases demonstrate the use of this software for venous navigation and pressure measurement (case 1), venous stenting (case 2), and transvenous embolization of a carotid-cavernous fistula (case 3).ConclusionOur preliminary experience suggests that it is a feasible and safe technique for intracranial venous navigation and procedures. The potential lowering of overall radiation dose and contrast media use needs to be verified with further studies.