1. Group practices employ in total only 18 occupational physician’s and 11 occupational health nurses; 35 health maintenance organisations employ 20 occupational physicians and 7 nurses; a 200% increase of occupational health personnel between 1987 and 1997 is foreseen Number of occupational medicine specialists less than expected; 35% employed in one company, 17% academic setting, 12% in federal or military government, 8% independent clinic; younger physicians less often in industry Oil and chemical plants employ largest number of occupational physicians per employee; positive relation between company profits and number of occupational physicians Wide diversity in specialty characteristics Assessment of fitness for work or sick leave ranked first in physicians’ time 48% engaged in audit; in 18% audit of structure, process and outcome of care
2. White collar workers selected by age or work related risks) from 2000 employees Only hearing loss and hypertension occured frequently enough for screening; periodic examinations useful for assessing fitness for work (8 % of workers required consideration), but not in identifying workers with compensable diseases Few measures were taken as a result of the laboratory examinations. The programme seemed to be
3. Global strategy on occupational health for all. Recommendation of the 2nd meeting of the WHO Collaborating Centres in Occupational Health. Beijing, China 11–14;World Health Organisation,1994
4. Occupational Health. Policy Document of the Scientific Committee on Health Services Research and Evaluation in Occupational Health;International Commission on,1993
5. Opening the black box: an encounter in the corridors of health services research;Pope, C.; Mays, N.;BMJ,1993