Abstract
ObjectivesThis study investigates the gender disparities in difficulty in activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) and explores its contributing factors among older adults in India.DesignA cross-sectional study was conducted using country representative survey data.Setting and participantsThe present study uses the data from the Longitudinal Ageing Study in India, 2017–2018. Participants included 15 098 male and 16 366 female older adults aged 60 years and above in India.Primary and secondary outcome measuresDifficulty in ADL and IADL were the outcome variables. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis were carried out to present the preliminary results. Multivariate decomposition analysis was used to identify the contributions of covariates that explain the group differences to average predictions.ResultsThere was a significant gender differential in difficulty in ADL (difference: 4.6%; p value<0.001) and IADL (difference: 17.3%; p value<0.001). The multivariate analysis also shows significant gender inequality in difficulty in ADL (coefficient: 0.046; p value<0.001) and IADL (coefficient: 0.051; p value<0.001). The majority of the gender gap in difficulty in ADL was accounted by the male–female difference in levels of work status (18%), formal education (15% contribution), marital status (13%), physical activity (9%), health status (8%) and chronic morbidity prevalence (5%), respectively. Equivalently, the major contributors to the gender gap in difficulty in IADL were the level of formal education (28% contribution), marital status (10%), alcohol consumption (9%), health status (4% contribution) and chronic morbidity prevalence (2% contribution).ConclusionDue to the rapidly increasing ageing population, early detection and prevention of disability or preservation of daily functioning for older adults and women in particular should be the highest priority for physicians and health decision-makers.
Reference56 articles.
1. UNDESA . World Population ProspectsThe 2017 Revision, Key Findings and Advance Tables. ESA/P/WP/248, 2017.
2. UNDESA . Promoting inclusion through social protection, 2018.
3. WHO . Ageing and health. WHO Factsheet.
4. Disability in Older Adults: Evidence Regarding Significance, Etiology, and Risk
5. Referral patterns, delays, and equity in access to advanced paediatric emergency care in Vietnam
Cited by
11 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献