Survival and health of children who are HIV-exposed uninfected: study protocol for the CHERISH (Children HIV-Exposed Uninfected - Research to Inform Survival and Health) dynamic, prospective, maternal-child cohort study

Abstract

IntroductionCHERISH is designed to establish a long-term sustainable system for measurement of in utero and postnatal exposures and outcomes in children who are HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) and HIV-unexposed to compare survival, hospitalisation, growth and neurodevelopment in the Western Cape, South Africa.Methods and analysisDuring 2022–2025, the CHERISH dynamic cohort is prospectively enrolling pregnant people with and without HIV at 24–36 weeks gestation from one urban and one rural community, following mother–child pairs, including children who are HEU (target N=1200) and HIV-unexposed (target N=600) for 3 years from the child’s birth. In-person visits occur at enrolment, delivery, 12 months, 24 months and 36 months with intervening 3-monthly telephone data collection. Children and mothers without HIV are tested for HIV at all in-person visits. Data on exposures and outcomes are collected from routine standardised healthcare documentation, maternal interview, measurement (growth and neurodevelopment) at in-person visits and linkage to the Western Cape Provincial Health Data Centre (survival and hospitalisation). A priori adverse birth outcomes, advanced maternal HIV and maternal mental health are considered potential mediators of outcome disparities in children who are HEU and will be evaluated as such in multivariable models appropriate for each outcome.Ethics and disseminationMothers interested in joining the study are taken through a visual informed consent document for their and their child’s participation, with the option to consent to anonymised de-identified data being contributed to a public data repository. All data is captured directly into an electronic database using alphanumeric identifiers devoid of identifying information. The cohort study is approved by Human Research Ethics Committees of Stellenbosch University (N20/08/084), University of Cape Town (723/2021) and Western Cape Government (WC_2021_09_007). Findings will be shared with participants, participating communities, local and provincial stakeholders, child health clinicians, researchers and policymakers at local, national and international forums and submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals.