Zinc supplementation ameliorates type 2 diabetes markers through the enhancement of total antioxidant capacity in overweight patients

Abstract

Abstract Background Evidence show that the recommended dose of zinc may not be sufficient for controlling pathological conditions such as type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Aim This study aimed to evaluate the effects of zinc supplementation on the oxidative status in overweight T2DM. In addition, the routine glycaemic parameters were determined and compared in zinc-treated and placebo groups. Methods In this randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 70 patients with T2DM were selected. They were divided into two groups for supplementation of 50 mg zinc gluconate or placebo (zinc group, n=35; placebo group, n=35) per day for 8 weeks. Blood samples were collected from all the individuals in the zinc group and controls for analysis. Results The results showed that zinc supplementation to patients with T2DM for 8 weeks significantly inhibited serum levels of lipid peroxidation (25%), nitrotyrosine (30%) and total oxidant status levels (25%, p<0.05). Nevertheless, the total antioxidant capacity was significantly elevated (16%) following zinc intake by patients with T2DM. Conclusions These data, together with our previous report, may suggest that the control in the glycaemic condition in overweight patients with T2DM is correlated with the antioxidative/oxidative balance following intake of 50 mg zinc supplementation for 8 weeks. Under these circumstances, the clinical and glycaemic indices, including fasting blood glucose, insulin, haemoglobin A1c and homeostasis model of assessment–insulin resistance, were controlled. Trial registration number IRCT2015083102.