Cytomegaloviral colitis in primary CMV viraemia in a young immunocompetent adult

Abstract

A man in his 20s presented with a 2-week history of fever, fatigue and diarrhoea. On arrival to the emergency department, he had clinical findings of sepsis. The care team initially suspected sepsis secondary to bacterial colitis and administered antibiotics. Further workup including a stool PCR assay for gastrointestinal pathogens failed to establish a diagnosis, and he had no evidence of immune compromise. Colonoscopy revealed mucosal ulceration presumed to be ulcerative colitis. Histopathology obtained after discharge revealed severe colitis with cytomegalovirus (CMV) inclusions. Serological studies indicated a primary CMV infection. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a primary CMV infection presenting as severe colitis and systemic disease in a young immunocompetent patient without underlying disease.