Formation of specific immunity in piglets during vaccination against circovirus infection

Abstract

The article presents the results of studying  the  formation  of  specific  immunity  in piglets during vaccination against circovirus infection. Circovirus diseases of pigs, manifested by the defeat of many body systems, are  widespread  and  cause  great  economic damage in industrial pig farms. The study of the  formation  of  specific  immunity  during vaccination of piglets against circovirus infection is of scientific and practical interest. The purpose of the research is to study the formation  of  specific  immunity  in  piglets during vaccination against circovirus infection. It was found that vaccination is accompanied by activation of the innate immunity system, which initiated the launch and formation  of  an  antigen-specific  adaptive  immune response. In animals 6 days after the introduction of the vaccine, compared with intact piglets, an increase in the content of pro-inflammatory  cytokines  IL-1ß,  TNF-α, IFN-α and IFN-γ and the anti-inflammatory mediator IL-4 was found, indicating a cellular  and  humoral  immune  response.  An  increase in the indices of inflammatory activity of mediators and the ratio of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines indicates an increase in the activity of T-helper I and the prevalence  of  cellular  immune  response.  Under the influence of technological stress caused by weaning from sows and transfer to rearing,  animals  14  days  after  vaccination showed a decrease in the level of IL-2, IFN-α and IFN-γ, inducing cellular immunity, as well as cytokine index, the ratio of pro- and anti-inflammatory  mediators,  which  indicates a shift in the direction of the immune response in the side of activation of the functioning  of  T-helper  II,  indicating  the  predominant formation of humoral immunity.