Characteristics of functional and laboratory parameters in alimentary lymphoma in cats

Abstract

Gastrointestinal or alimentary lymphoma is the most common primary malignant neoplasm of the gastrointestinal tract in cats. The aim of the work is to study the pathogmonicity of functional and laboratory parameters in alimentary lymphoma in cats. The objects of the study were cats of different breeds, the age ranged from 2 to 16 years, the average live weight at the time of admission was 3.9 kg with pronounced gastroenterological disorders. Two groups of cats were created for the study: 1st – control (healthy individuals; n= 10), 2nd – experimental (sick individuals; n= 20). All cats were subjected to standard clinical examination by general methods - examination, palpation, auscultation, thermometry. Anamnesis was carefully collected and general (hematological analyzer URIT-2800Vet) and biochemical (automatic biochemical analyzer IDEXX Catalist) blood tests and additional research methods were performed. Gastrointestinal lymphomas are the leaders – 79% of all lymphomas. The vast majority of cats had progressive weight loss, hypo- and anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea. Solid neoplasms in the abdominal cavity were palpated only in 11 cats. In the general blood test, erythrocytes in the experimental group are lower than in the control group (6.23±0.28x1012/l versus 8.40±0.81x1012/l; P<0.01); the level of leukocytes in the experimental group is 78% higher than in the control group (P<0.001); the number of lymphocytes is higher in the experimental group by 74.3% (P <0.001); monocytes were higher in the experimental group - 7.21 ±0.39% versus 4.0±1.05% (P <0.01). Biochemical blood analysis showed that the studied parameters in sick cats are mainly within the reference values. The level of urea is higher in sick cats by 38.71% (P <0.05), AST by 88.79%. As the most pronounced clinical signs of alimentary lymphoma, hypo- and anorexia, progressive weight loss, vomiting, diarrhea can be distinguished, from laboratory indicators - a decrease in the number of red blood cells, an increase in the number of leukocytes, including monocytes, an increase in urea levels.