Diagnosis of pulmonary edema of small pets

Abstract

The respiratory system provides the body with oxygen, which is necessary for the vital activity of organs, tissues and cells of the animal. Respiratory diseases are widespread and therefore improving the methods of diagnosis and prevention of lung pathologies is important for veterinary medicine. Pulmonary edema is a life-threatening condition of the animal and requires immediate assistance. There are various types and causes of edema, however, knowing the symptoms, it is possible to carry out the necessary diagnostics, therefore, the study of the mechanism of development and types of pulmonary edema using radiological diagnostic methods is relevant. The research work was carried out on the basis of the veterinary clinic of LLC "Ringa", the object of the study were dogs and cats with clinical manifestations of respiratory failure, the main diagnostic method was digital radiography. Based on the conducted studies, cardiogenic and non–cardiogenic pulmonary edema was identified, the mechanism of development of which has differences: cardiogenic pulmonary edema manifests itself against the background of heart defects, cardiosclerosis, arterial hypertension; non-cardiogenic – due to impaired capillary permeability and the release of the liquid part of the blood into the interstitial tissue, and then into the alveoli. X-ray diagnostics allows you to differentiate the pathology of the lungs at the initial stages of its development, since a long process of diagnostic measures can have negative consequences on the animal, and the finished radiograph has high-quality detail of the picture in high resolution with specific changes in the lungs with edema, which ensures the exclusion of other pathologies that can also lead to respiratory failure (neoplasms, pulmonary fibrosis , etc.), and that contributes to the provision of rapid appropriate actions in emergency situations to eliminate this condition and the appointment of specific therapeutic and preventive measures, allowing you to reduce the time in diagnosis, to help the patient, increasing the chances of a favorable outcome.