Modern Hydrogen Technologies in the Face of Climate Change – Analysis of Strategy and Development in Polish Conditions

Abstract

The energy production market based on hydrogen technologies is to be an innovative solution that will allow the industry to achieve climate neutrality in the future in Poland and in the world. The paper presents the idea of using hydrogen as a modern energy carrier, and devices that, in cooperation with renewable energy sources, produce the so-called green hydrogen and the applicable legal acts that allow for the implementation of the new technology were analysed. Energy transformation is inevitable, and according to reports on good practices in European Union countries, hydrogen and the hydrogen value chain (production, transport and transmission, storage, use in transport and energy) have a wide potential. Thanks to joint projects and subsidies from the EU, initiatives supporting hydrogen technologies are created, such as: hydrogen clusters, hydrogen valleys, and EU and national strategic programs set the main goals. As noted in this article, Poland is one of the leaders in hydrogen production both in the world and in Europe. Domestic tycoons from the energy, refining and chemical industries are involved in the projects. Eight hydrogen valleys that have recently been created in Poland successfully implement the assumptions of the "Polish Hydrogen Strategy until 2030 with a perspective until 2040", "Energy Policy of Poland until 2040", which are in line with the assumptions of the most important legal acts of the EU , including: the European Union's energy and climate policy, the Green Deal, the Fit for 55 Package.