1. Associate Professor, College of Nursing, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea.
2. Associate Professor, Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Korea.
3. Associate Professor, College of Nursing ․ Gerontologic Health Research Center in Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.
4. Doctoral Student, College of Nursing, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea.
5. Professor, Department of Biobehavioral Nursing Science, College of Nursing, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois, USA.