Occurrence and Distribution of Physiological Races of Exserohilum turcicum in Maize-Growing Regions of Mexico
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Published:2023-04-01
Issue:4
Volume:107
Page:1054-1059
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ISSN:0191-2917
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Container-title:Plant Disease
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Plant Disease
Author:
Muñoz-Zavala Carlos12ORCID, Loladze Alexander2, Vargas-Hernández Mateo3ORCID, García-León Elizabeth4, Alakonya Amos Emitati2ORCID, Tovar-Pedraza Juan Manuel5ORCID, Goodwin Paul H.6, Leyva-Mir Santos Gerardo1ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Departamento de Parasitología Agrícola, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Texcoco 56230, Estado de México, Mexico 2. International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Texcoco 56237, Estado de México, Mexico 3. Departamento de Suelos, Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Texcoco 56230, Estado de México, Mexico 4. Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Forestales Agrícolas y Pecuarias, Campo Experimental Valle del Fuerte, Guasave 81110, Sinaloa, Mexico 5. Laboratorio de Fitopatología, Coordinación Regional Culiacán, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Culiacán 80110, Sinaloa, Mexico 6. School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph N1G 2W1, Ontario, Canada
Abstract
Turcicum leaf blight (TLB) is a common foliar disease of maize in Mexico that is caused by the fungal pathogen Exserohilum turcicum. The most effective management strategy against TLB is monogenic race-specific resistance. Among the 140 E. turcicum isolates from symptomatic leaves collected from maize fields in Mexico, 100 were obtained from tropical (Veracruz) and temperate areas (Estado de México) between 2010 and 2019, and 40 isolates were obtained from tropical (Sinaloa, Tamaulipas, Veracruz, and Chiapas), subtropical (Nayarit, Jalisco, and Guanajuato), and temperate areas (Estado de Mexico, Hidalgo, and Puebla) collected in 2019. All the isolates caused TLB symptoms on the positive control (ht4), showing that they were all pathogenic. Six physiological races of E. turcicum (2, 3, 23, 3N, 23N, and 123N) were identified based on resistant or susceptible responses displayed by five maize differential genotypes (A619Ht1, A619Ht2, A619Ht3, B68HtN, and A619ht4). The most common was race 23, accounting for 68% of the isolates, followed by races 23N, 123N, 3, 2, and 3N at 15, 8, 6, 2, and 1%, respectively. Race 123N was able to infect the greatest number of maize differential genotypes used in the study. Race 123N was detected in Sinaloa and Estado de México. Race 3 was detected in Nayarit and Jalisco. Race 2 was detected in Jalisco, Estado de México, and Veracruz, and race 3N was detected in Tamaulipas. Race 23 was equally dominant in the tropical, subtropical, and temperate regions, while race 123N was more common in the tropical environment, and race 23N was more common in the tropical and temperate environments. There was no evidence for shifts in the races between 2010 and 2019.
Publisher
Scientific Societies
Subject
Plant Science,Agronomy and Crop Science
Reference41 articles.
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