Introduction of Asian Soybean Rust Urediniospores into the Midwestern United States—A Case Study

Author:

Krupa Sagar1,Bowersox Van2,Claybrooke Roger2,Barnes Charles W.3,Szabo Les3,Harlin Karen4,Kurle James5

Affiliation:

1. Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul 55108

2. Illinois State Water Survey, National Atmospheric Deposition Program & National Trends Network (NADP & NTN) Programs, Champaign, IL 61820

3. United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Cereal Disease Laboratory, St. Paul, MN 55108

4. Illinois State Water Survey, NADP & NTN Programs, Champaign

5. Department of Plant Pathology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul

Abstract

In 2005, weekly rain samples collected at 124 National Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network (NADP/NTN) sites in the eastern and central United States were screened for Asian soybean rust (ASR; Phakopsora pachyrhizi) urediniospores. Application of a quantitative polymerase chain reaction method detected P. pachyrhizi DNA in the filter residue of rain samples collected during the week of 19 to 26 July 2005 in Minnesota, Missouri, and South Dakota. To determine the geographic origin of ASR urediniospores in those weekly composite samples, back air trajectories of the lifted condensation and mixed boundary layers were calculated for each rain event within the week, by sampling site. The calculations, based on the hybrid single-particle lagrangian integrated trajectory model, pointed to source areas in eastern and southern Texas. In a separate case, DNA of P. pachyrhizi was detected in a 28 June to 5 July 2005 rain sample from an eastern Texas site. Back trajectories pointed to southern Texas and the Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico as potential source areas of ASR urediniospores. Vertical motions of those back trajectories indicated a ventilation of the boundary layer in the upwind areas, suggesting the possible injection of urediniospores into the free troposphere where they can be transported for long distances before wet deposition.

Publisher

Scientific Societies

Subject

Plant Science,Agronomy and Crop Science

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