Whole genome sequencing suggests that “non-pathogenicity on banana (NPB)” is the ancestral state of the Ralstonia solanacearum IIB-4 lineage.

Author:

Beutler Jonathan12,Holden Samuel2,Georgoulis Stratton J.3,Williams Darrielle4,Norman David5,Lowe-Power Tiffany3

Affiliation:

1. University of California Davis, Plant Pathology, Davis, California, United States

2. The University of British Columbia, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada;

3. University of California Davis, Plant Pathology, Davis, California, United States;

4. University of California Davis, Davis, California, United States;

5. University of Florida, Plant Pathology, 2725 Binion Rd., Apopka, Florida, United States, 32703, , ;

Abstract

The bacterial wilt pathogens in the Ralstonia solanacearum species complex (RSSC) have broad but finite host ranges. Population genetic surveys of RSSC pathogens show that many sequevars (subspecies groups) are predominantly recovered from wilting solanaceous plants. In contrast, strains in the IIB-4 sequevar have been isolated from plants in over a dozen families. Certain IIB-4 lineages have been classified as banana-virulent or “not pathogenic to banana (NPB)”. Prior analysis suggested that the NPB lineage has diverged from the banana-virulent IIB-4 strains. To test this model, we analyzed the phenotypes and phylogeny of a diverse collection of 19 IIB-4 isolates. We used Illumina sequencing to assemble draft genomes of 12 new strains. Based on whole genome phylogenetic analysis, these IIB-4 strains clustered into five subclades. We quantified virulence of each strain on tomato, banana, melon, and impatiens plants. Overall, the virulence patterns correlated with phylogeny. Banana virulence was restricted to the 4/4 IIB-4D subclade (N=4/4 strains) and IIB-4E subclade (N=1/2 strains). Subclades IIB-4D and IIB-4E are sister sublcades and their closest relative, the IIB-4A-C subclade, lacked virulence on banana. Our data support a revised model in which banana virulence is an innovation within the IIB4D/E subclades.

Publisher

Scientific Societies

Subject

General Medicine

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