1. Plant Systems Engineering Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea;
2. Horticultural and Herbal Crop Environment Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration (RDA), Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea;
3. Fruit Research Division, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea;
4. Apple Research Institute, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, RDA, Gunwi 39000, Republic of Korea; and
5. School of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea