Partial Genome Organization, Identification of the Coat Protein Gene, and Detection of Grapevine leafroll-associated virus-5

Abstract

The genome of Grapevine leafroll-associated virus-5 (GLRaV-5) was cloned, and the sequence of 4766 nt was determined. Degenerate oligonucleotide primers designed from the conserved closterovirus heat shock 70 protein (HSP 70) homologue were used to obtain viral-specific sequences to anchor the cloning of the viral RNA with a genomic walking approach. The partial nucleotide (nt) sequence of GLRaV-5 showed the presence of four open reading frames (ORF A through D), potentially coding for the HSP 70 homologue (ORF A); a 51-kDa protein of unknown function with similarity to GLRaV-3 p55 (ORF B); the viral capsid protein (ORF C); and a diverged viral duplicate capsid protein (ORF D). The ORF C was identified as GLRaV-5 viral capsid protein based on sequence analyses and the reactivity of the recombinant protein to GLRaV-5 specific antibodies by western blot analyses. The antiserum produced with the in vitro-expressed GLRaV-5 ORF C protein product specifically reacted with a 36-kDa polypeptide from GLRaV-5 infected vines but did not react with protein extracts from vines infected with other GLRaVs or uninfected vines. Furthermore, specific primers were designed for the sensitive detection of GLRaV-1 and GLRaV-5 by polymerase chain reaction.