Improving the effectiveness of surgical treatment of destructive diseases of the lungs and pleura in the provision of specialised care in modern conditions

Abstract

Objective. To determine the optimal scope of diagnostic and therapeutic measures in patients with destructive lung and pleural diseases, to evaluate the possibilities of digital data processing and densitometry for the prevention and treatment of complications of these diseases in the provision of specialised care in modern conditions. Materials and methods. The study is based on the analysis of the results of treatment of 107 patients with destructive processes in the lungs and pleura (52 military personnel and 55 civilians) complicated by pleural empyema with bronchopleural communication. Results. Pulmonary and pleural complications developed in 88.4% of patients with heterogeneous parenchyma structure determined by computed tomography densitometry. Fibrotic or emphysematous changes in the parenchyma during digital data processing and densitometry were determined objectively, which became the basis for the objective determination of personalised treatment tactics, monitoring of the treatment process and evaluation of the results. Conclusions. Treatment of patients with destructive diseases of the lungs and pleura should be carried out in highly specialised medical care facilities, computed tomography of the chest cavity with the use of specialised applications and fibrobronchoscopy allow individualising treatment tactics, and densitometry and analysis of intrathoracic structural changes allow assessing the effectiveness of treatment and the stages of the pathological process.