Assessment of the risk of venous thrombosis and embolism in operated patients with acute surgical pathology of abdominal organs against the background of COVID–19

Abstract

Objective. To evaluate the risk of venous thrombosis and embolism in urgently operated patients with acute abdominal surgical pathology and coronavirus disease. Materials and methods. The single–centre study was based on the analysis of 741 medical records of inpatients admitted to a surgery centre between April 2020 and February 2022. The study analysed 78 medical records of patients operated on for acute abdominal surgical pathology with confirmed COVID–19. 8.9% of patients died, including 5.1% from massive pulmonary embolism with the development of acute cardiovascular failure. Thromboembolic complications were diagnosed in 26.9% of patients. Results. The scores that assessed the risk factors for venous thrombosis and embolism were determined. A score of up to 15 points corresponded to a low risk, 15–35 points to an average risk, and more than 35 points to a high risk. Conclusions. The incidence of venous thrombosis and embolism in patients with coronavirus disease in the postoperative period in the low risk group is 8%, medium – 25%, and high – more than 40%. The real risk of thromboembolic complications is underestimated and requires consideration of the specifics of the course of coronavirus disease in patients with acute abdominal surgical pathology.