1. Crusades have become a fixture in Africa, featuring the likes of Benny Hinn, Bishop T.D. Jakes and Dr. A.K. Paul, and employ other sectors in the process including local audio engineers and lighting specialists. The foreign crusade teams also draw upon the crème de la crème of the African gospel music industry who in turn capitalize on the excitement and energy of the events to promote and market their crusade performances nationally (http://www.vanguardngr.com/articles/2002/features/arts/at112052005.html).
2. International crusades and revivals are now regularly staged in Africa, Asia and Latin America. Yet, as many scholars and evangelical leaders have noted, the explosion of evangelical Churches in the Third World has not been the outcome of Western evangelism in any straightforward sense. The Lausanne Compact of 1974 called for the end of the imperialist era of missionization and advocated a partnership model (Padilla 1976, 145–61). Since the 1970s, many Third World evangelical communities have been sustained less by Western Churches' funding and leadership and far more by local efforts. The televisual and Web-mediated spectacles of Christian revivals, which depend on the anointing of a Western evangelist, however, remain as pervasive and compelling as ever for Christian broadcasters and viewers in North America.
3. This is ironic because Bonnke's TV show and highly produced proselytic videos have been among those that serve as models for Pentecostal media production in Africa (see De Witte, this volume).
4. Reinhard Bonnke, Life of Fire, four videotape set; www.cfan.org.
5. Over 2,000 independent African Pentecostal Churches worked with CfaN to host the Lagos crusade in 2001 that saw a 1.3 million audience. The Fire conference filled a stadium with over 80,000 pastors from these local churches (Cutrer and Minchakpu, 2005).