Evaluation of black currant varieties suitability for combine harvesting

Abstract

The article deals with the results of evaluation and selection of black currant varieties from the Leningrad POOS (IAEP - branch of FNAC VIM) in order to form an industrial assortment suitable for machine cleaning. During the study, it was found that the varieties Yadrenaya and Gulliver retain their strength longer when overripe and are less exposed to cracking of the skin. As the experiment showed, this is due to increased indicators of the crushing force of varieties. With mechanized harvesting, the completeness of the removal of berries directly depends on the separation force, with an indicator of less than 50 g. there is a shedding of berries, and with a separation force of more than 150 g. the berries are poorly separated from the stalk or separated, but with partial damage to the structure, which reduces the quantity and quality of berry picking. As a result of the conducted research, it was found that the most suitable for mechanized harvesting are recommended varieties of black currant: Binar, Ocharovanie, Iskushenie, Peek-a-boo, Gulliver, Bagheera. The strength coefficient calculated by us for these varieties is more than 1.5. In addition to the genetics of black currant varieties, the studied indicators of economic and biological characteristics of the collection strongly depend on the growing conditions, nutrients and moisture in the soil. Recently, the evaluation of black currant berries by their biochemical composition has become very important. In this connection, to fully characterize the varieties, we will continue the study of the study of these characteristics with biochemical value in the dynamics of maturation of black currant varieties.