Rehabilitation and Creation of Favorable Conditions for the Improvement of the Comfort and Quality of Acrylates Used in the Sphere of Removable Dentures

Abstract

The total acrylic denture is a conventional prosthesis method in case of total edentation, when there are 1-2 remaining teeth on the arch. The purpose of these dentures is to recreate functionality and improve the esthetic condition, being the optimum solution for improving the life of patients who have lost their natural teeth. Acrylic resins have been used in dentistry since 1937, a date which marked the progressive and final replacement of vulcanized rubber (vulcanite). From a chemical point of view, acrylates are macromolecular resins derived from acrylic acid, obtained by polymerization of several substances which derive from the acrylic acid, methacrylic acid and the esters of these acids. Metallic inserts can be added in the structure of the plastic masses, under the form of wires, bars, grids, nets. Bar and wire reinforcement has been proved efficient in improving the mechanical properties of the bases of total dentures, compared to grids, which failed to constantly ensure significant improvement. The position and thickness of reinforcement inside the plastic mass hugely influences the efficiency of reinforcement; the reinforcement must be placed perpendicularly on the anticipated fracture line. Our study was carried out in the Dental Clinic and comprises a number of 17 patients. The lot included patients aged between 50 and 85. Clinical observations have been made on fracture cases of acrylic bases, followed by the analysis and assessment of certain clinical aspects with a high risk of fracture (maxillary/mandible, with a median/paramedian line, etc.) which, associated, increase the risk of fracture even more. Clinical observations have shown the presence of fracture risk in acrylic dentures, showing the necessity of a correct design and production of removable dentures but also of using inserts.