Mucoadhesive Drug Delivery Systems: A Review of Recent Developments

Abstract

Purpose: The aim of this article is to present a review of mucoadhesion drug delivery systems. The review covers the mucoadhesive concepts, polymers used, theories and mechanisms of mucoadhesion, and factors affecting the mucoadhesive dosage forms. Study Design: An extensive review was carried out on mucoadhesion formulations, applications, mechanisms, theories, and polymers used in these dosage forms. Results: Mucoadhesive drug delivery system can interact with the mucus membrane, which covers the mucin molecules and mucosal epithelial surface. This interaction leads to an increment of the dosage form residence time at the site of absorption and hence increasing the bioavailability, efficacy of drugs, and improving therapeutic outcomes. Polymers are used to provide muco-adhesion of the dosage form, enhancing drug release pattern, solubility and dissolution of inadequately soluble drugs. Conclusion: Mucoadhesive drug delivery systems were found to be the best alternative approaches for the traditional dosage forms to enhance bioavailability of poorly soluble drugs and to avoid GIT degradation and first pass metabolism of some drugs.