Underwater Optical Wireless Networking Based on Multiple Transmission-hops

Abstract

In recent years, the demand for underwater wireless communication is increasing day by day, and marine exploration is carried out continuously. Underwater wireless communication is mainly used in military, industrial and scientific research fields. It plays an important role in the fields of marine environment detection, oil control, oceanographic research and tactical monitoring. Wired or optical fiber technology is usually used to achieve high data rate and reliable communication. However, in the deep sea, these optical fibers or cables face many challenges, such as maintenance problems, physical damage and vulnerability. In some places, it is very difficult to install cables or optical fibers. In this case, people are very interested in wireless communication technology. At present, underwater wireless communication technology mainly includes acoustic signal, RF signal and optical signal. However, with the increase of application requirements, underwater acoustic communication and electromagnetic wave communication have many limitations, which can not meet our needs, and optical fiber and cable can not be installed in a large area. Therefore, the research on underwater wireless optical communication is very useful. On the other hand, underwater optical communication (uowc) has the advantages of high bandwidth, low delay and enhanced security . However, light pulses propagating in seawater will be damaged by adverse channels, including absorption and scattering. It is also susceptible to many noise sources on the receiver side, such as sunlight, turbulence, thermal noise and dark wireless current noise. Using sufficiently dense network deployment, long-distance broadband communication can be realized, in which information can be transmitted through a series of relays. Therefore, in practical applications, it is necessary to describe end-to-end (E2E) paths and develop effective routing mechanisms. This paper studies the routing of underwater wireless sensor networks. This paper summarizes several existing main routing methods, and studies and analyzes their practical significance.