CAR-T cell therapy in part of the B cell hematological malignancies

Abstract

Chimeric antigen receptor T-cell immunotherapy, more often known as CAR-T cell treatment, has emerged as one of the most promising immunotherapies in nowadays. This treatment uses the patient's own immune cells in an effort to eradicate cancerous cells. Since it was discovered, people have begun to create as many possibilities as they can for CAR-T cells from various perspectives, such as the treatment of specific diseases or a wide range of targets. The first CAR-T cell treatment, CD19-targeting, is still the most widely utilized kind of CAR-T cell therapy that is commercially available, and it continues to play an essential role. Since multi-targeting CAR-T cells are able to focus on a variety of targets at the same time, they are able to effectively block immunological escape by tumor cells. However, this also raises the likelihood that a cytokine storm may occur. The effectiveness of treating non-lymphoma, Hodgkin's and multiple myeloma with BCMA targeting CAR-T cells has been proven by massive clinical trials. The goal of this review is to summarize and analyze the research that has already been done on the typical CAR-T cell treatment and some of the B cell hematological malignancies that they are effective against in most cases.